How to choose the right truck rim 2023 ?

How to choose the right truck rim?

Diameter, width, offset, steel or aluminium, … so many criteria complicate the choice of heavy-duty rims. XL Tires deciphers these items for you here!

An integral wheel part, the rim, holds the tire. This is equally true for a passenger vehicle, a heavy goods vehicle and an agricultural or industrial vehicle. But when it comes to changing the rims model, the choice can quickly become complicated given the different criteria to be integrated into the search: diameter, offset, width, number of holes, etc. So, with all these elements, how to choose the right truck rim?

Through this article, the XL Tires team helps you better understand this range of criteria to select the suitable rim model for your truck fleet.

How to choose the right truck rim?

The main criteria for choosing a truck rim

Exchanging daily with business leaders and fleet managers, our experts identify six essential criteria for a truck rim. You will discover them below.

The type of rims

First, you must orient your choice on the type of rims that will equip your heavy-duty trucks. There are then two types for professional use (transport, agriculture, civil engineering, etc.) :

Steel rims

More commonly known as “sheet metal rims”, the steel rimsequip the vast majority of vehicles in circulation due to low manufacturing costs and purchase prices.

The latter also benefit from other advantages, such as unfailing robustness. Indeed, they can support a more significant load than their aluminium counterparts. This is mainly because steel rims are mounted on vehicles reserved for transporting goods and people.

Also, equipping a truck with steel rims will ensure excellent driving comfort and safe travel, especially in winter. The main argument is the greater steel weight than aluminium, so a steel rim will offer more stability and safety.

Finally, steel rims require less maintenance compared to an aluminium model.

Aluminium rims

As for aluminium rims, they have the advantage of being lighter than their steel counterparts. Therefore, a rise of premium truck tires on aluminium rims will allow you to reduce the average fuel consumption of your truck fleet.

Thus, you will realize substantial savings on this item of expenditure. In addition, the latter can serve as an investment base for the company’s development.

In addition, manufacturers of aluminium rims like Alcoa Wheels®equip their wheel models with an anti-corrosion coating. Most often, this is the application of an oxide layer intended to protect the edge against corrosion optimally.

How to choose the right truck rim 2023?

Its different characteristics

rim size

Then, the rim size is just as important a selection criterion as the type of truck rims. Naturally, a tire of this size cannot be fitted to any rim model. It would help if you respected a concordance between the size of your tire and your rim for trucks. The size of truck rims generally ranges from 17.5 to 22.5 inches.

rim width

Just like the diameter of the truck rim, the width of the latter must correspond to that of the tire. Expressed in inches, the intermediate nominal value – indicated by the manufacturer – is the recommended width so that the tire is ideally positioned on the rim and wears evenly. You can find these ranges of values ​​(min-max) in the correspondence table available to each manufacturer.

Truck rim offset

On the other hand, the offset is also part of the selection criteria for a truck rim. It is defined as the distance, in millimetres, between the edge’s centre and the hub’s fulcrum.

Depending on the type of mount (single or double), the offset can be positive, zero or negative. Therefore, you need to find the perfect balance to avoid rough contact while ensuring that you do not touch the wheel arches.

The number of holes

This fifth criterion is specific to all truck manufacturers. These holes allow the rim to be attached to the truck’s axle via wheel studs. Usually, you will find on XLPneus.com 8 or 10-hole AKOJANT or Alcoa Wheels® brand rims for your trucks.

The hole drilling diameter

Finally, the drilling diameter of the holes of a truck rim also results from the car manufacturer. On its online store, XL Tires offers truck rims with holes with a drilling diameter of 26, 30 or 32 millimetres.

How to choose the right truck rim 2023?

Other selection criteria

Other criteria may influence your decision when buying truck rims. For example, we could cite maintenance, the presence of a protective reinforcement, and the removal of ventilation holes.

First, maintaining these items is essential in preserving their original condition and maximizing their lifespan. By designing the Dura-Bright EVO® wheels, the manufacturer Alcoa Wheels® dramatically facilitates the maintenance of its rim models. Concretely, even after thousands of kilometres, a simple cleaning with soapy water will be enough to clean your truck wheels properly. They will immediately regain their original shards!

Still mentioning Alcoa Wheels®, the OEM equips the wheelsDura Flange® additional reinforcement to reduce damage caused by the tire on the rim. In addition, the engineers of the North American firm have eliminated the ventilation holes on the WorkHorse® heavy-duty rims. This action is intended to protect the brake discs of professional vehicles from small construction site debris (rubble, etc.).

Lately, the budget can also be a decisive criterion during the phase of the purchase of wheels for trucks. Optimize your operating costs to equip your heavy goods vehicles with quality rims and tires. The safety and driving comfort of your drivers depend on it!

What you should know when choosing tires for your truck

There is a type of tire for each position in heavy vehicles. In this article, we give elements to know which ones are needed.

The choice to purchase tires is not a minor issue, and more so in the case of cargo vehicles because, due to their size, volume and load capacity, they require specialized products depending on the axis on which they are to be installed.

Although many manufacturers are on the market, if the essential factors for choosing the right ones are not known, mistakes that threaten safety and the economy are often made.

Before making the purchase decision, it is essential to know the differences between the different types of tires and the factors that help to choose the correct ones.

To select the truck tires, you must take into account the following:

• The type of vehicle.

• Identify the need, according to the conditions of use of the truck.

• Average walking speed.

• Type of construction of the tire, whether conventional or radial.

• The kind of terrain you usually drive on.

• The weight of the load.

• Know the difference between directional, transmission, and semi-trailer tires.

• Interpret the information carried by the tires.

Types of tires according to construction

There are two types: the conventional belted ones and the radial ones. Entradas are low-priced, high-tech tires that are now considered obsolete. These include reinforcement belts, with which they achieve stability in the curves but remain weak to punctures.

Radials, for their part, are gradually gaining ground in these vehicles because, although they cost more, they offer longer duration. Technically speaking, the carcass comprises two superimposed plies in a straight line from rim to rim, forming an angle of 90 degrees with the direction of rotation instead of the law of rolling.

On top of the canvases, they have four stabilizing belts that give them excellent security in the curves by preventing the deformation produced by the weight and the centrifugal force.

The steel radials and the nylon bands are fitted with one or two braided steel bands to guarantee maximum stability and puncture resistance.

How to choose the right truck rim 2023?

Types of tires according to their use or place on the truck

Truck tires are designed for maximum performance depending on where or where they are installed. Thus, there are directional tires for the drive and trailer axles.

On the other hand, the traction ones are used only for the train by which the power and the engine torque are applied to the road. They are recognized by the characteristic pattern of deep grooves interspersed across the tread width that helps prevent skids on slippery surfaces.

Finally, trailer tires must withstand braking, lateral forces, and variable loads. They are designed to roll without torque but with compression and centrifugal. Reinforced sidewalls help protect the casing from potential damage from braking.

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TIRE NOMENCLATURE

ADDITIONAL NOMENCLATURE

THERE ARE OTHER CODES ON A COMMON TIRE. SOME COMMON ONES ARE:

TREADWEAR: INDICATES HOW QUICKLY A TIRE WEARS. INDICATED ON THE TIRE BY THE WORD TREADWEAR FOLLOWED BY A THREE-DIGIT NUMBER BETWEEN 60 AND 620. LOWER NUMBERS INDICATE FASTER WEAR. THE VALUE 100 IS THE REFERENCE VALUE OF A “NORMAL” TIRE, WITH AN AVERAGE DURATION OF APPROXIMATELY 25,000 KILOMETERS. SO A TIRE WITH A TREADWEAR 200 WILL WEAR TWICE AS SLOW AS A NORMAL ONE AND GRIP A LITTLE LESS, BUT NOT HALF AS MUCH (SEE TRACTION).

TRACTION (TRACTION OR ADHESION): CLASSIFIES THE ADHESION OF A TIRE IN THE WET. INDICATED ON THE TIRE BY THE WORD TRACTION FOLLOWED BY ONE OR TWO LETTERS DEPENDING ON THE CATEGORY. THERE ARE FOUR CATEGORIES, AA, A, B AND C, FROM HIGHEST TO LOWEST GRIP. THE TEST RUN FOR THIS FEATURE MEASURES STOPPING DISTANCE ON A STRAIGHT LINE.

TEMPERATURE: SHOWS THE TIRE’S RESISTANCE TO OVERHEATING AT MORE THAN 100KM/H, A CHARACTERISTIC THAT DIRECTLY INFLUENCES THE WEAR OF THE TIRE ON THE ROAD AND THE OCCASIONAL RISK OF A BLOWOUT. THREE CATEGORIES: A, B AND C, FROM HIGHEST TO LOWEST RESISTANCE. MOST OF THE TIRES ON THE MARKET ARE A, AND C IS THE MINIMUM REQUIRED BY LAW.

MANUFACTURING DATE: INDICATED BY 4 DIGITS. THE FIRST TWO REPORT THE WEEK OF THE YEAR IN WHICH THE TIRE WAS MANUFACTURED; THE SECOND TWO THE YEAR. FOR EXAMPLE, CODE 1210 IS FROM A TIRE MANUFACTURED IN WEEK 12 OF THE YEAR 2010. TIRES THAT HAVE BEEN MANUFACTURED FOR MORE THAN A YEAR SHOULD NOT BE PURCHASED, AND ONCE INSTALLED, THEY SHOULD BE REPLACED AFTER SIX YEARS, EVEN IF THEY DO NOT SHOW WEAR BECAUSE THE GUMS HARDEN AND LOSE THEIR PROPERTY.

M+S, OR M&S (MUD AND SNOW), ARE MUD AND SNOW TIRES WITH TRACTION LEVELS HIGHER THAN NORMAL IN THESE CONDITIONS AND FOR COLD ENVIRONMENTS.

E4: TIRES THAT EXCEED EUROPEAN REGULATIONS; THE NUMBER INDICATES THE COUNTRY OF APPROVAL.

DOT CODE: ALL TIRES MADE FOR THE UNITED STATES HAVE THIS CODE, A MARK REQUIRED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION OF THIS COUNTRY. SPECIFY THE COMPANY, FACTORY, MOLD, BATCH, AND DATE OF MANUFACTURE.

How to choose the right truck rim 2023?

According to the need

Another factor of choice is the type of road and the climates it travels. For example, if highways predominate in the trips, carvings should be chosen because, given the high speeds that can be reached, the temperature can rise and threaten safety and durability.

On the contrary, if they are mountain roads with many curves, the selection must be different given the continuous efforts, even at low speeds. Whatever the case, information is engraved on the side of the tires to make the right choice.

How to choose the right truck rim 2023?

side reading

It is essential to know how to interpret the information that the tire’s sidewall carries to make the best choice according to the type of vehicle, the need and the load. In addition to the familiar light-duty tire nomenclature, where R stands for Radial, the load index indicates the maximum weight the tire can support when properly inflated. Finally, DOT means that the tires meet the safety standards established by the United States Department of Transportation, which complies with European regulations.

Choosing the right tire for each truck can be summarized in three steps, depending on its application on the steering axle, the drive axle and the tag axle.

Define the proper use of tires. As said above, the roads to be travelled must be considered, whether highways, mountain roads, areas with a lot of rain, sections with a high frequency of landslides or mud on the street, etc.

Determine the correct dimensions. The vehicle manufacturer gives the maximum load of an axle. Equipping this axle with tires that support a higher load does not authorize exceeding the load approved by the vehicle manufacturer. In addition, each dimension of a heavy vehicle tire corresponds to the width of the rim (or rims) given in tread width.

A tire should never be mounted on a non-approved rim because there is a risk of deterioration of both elements, poor ground grip, and abnormal carcass work that can affect safety, behaviour, adhesion, and valuable life. Of the tire.

Choice of carving. As previously mentioned, the carving on the tires for cargo vehicles presents some particularities depending on the tires’ location according to the axle type. Therefore, it is necessary to use exclusively tooling for the directional axles, others for the traction axles and others for the trailer axles, which, for example, are framed in the axles called “D”, “T”, “R”,,, or “X.” It must be taken into account that jargon depends on each manufacturer, and it is recommended to use only carvings corresponding to the axis for which they were designed.

The FRT marking. The acronym FRT appears on some rims and responds to what is indicated in European regulation 54: “Marking 3.1.15”. FRT refers to tires designed explicitly for tag axles (or trailing axles). This regulation applies to all new tires used in European territory: those with the FRT mark are only approved for mounting on carrier axles and cannot be placed on others.

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How to choose the right truck rim 2023?